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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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ILLUSION
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00173_Text_res15t.txt
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1996-12-31
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A wide variety of species
testedΓÇöΓÇôincluding chicks,
infant rats, kittens, puppies,
lambs, and snow leopard cubsΓÇöΓÇô
showed a strong preference for
the shallow side and typically
were very reluctant to go to the
deep side of the "cliff." Infant
monkeys as early as three days
after birth showed signs of
distress when placed on the
glass over the deep side.
Ironically, research by Bennett
Bertenthal and Joseph Campos
indicates that young human
infants do not display much
fear of height (and thus do not
avoid the cliffΓÇÖs deep side) and
do not show cardiac
acceleration when held over
that side until several weeks
after they have begun to crawl.
But, in other behavior, human
infants do indicate that they
perceive the depth of the
"deep" side much earlier.
Studies testing depth
perception via stereoscopic
vision indicate that it is
present in infants by the age of
three and one-half months.
Thus, experiments resolve the
long-standing controversy:
Distance perception is present
very early in an organismΓÇÖs life.
Which cues on the "visual
cliff" enabled the animals
tested to perceive distance?
Experiments suggest, by a
process of elimination, that
motion parallax is a critical
factor. Yet the study of motion
parallax described earlier
indicates that this factor is not
always effectual among adult
subjects. Thus this question
remains an open one.